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Electrocoagulation

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Electrocoagulation (EC)

Electrically-Driven Coagulation for Metals Removal, TSS Reduction & Produced Water Treatment

Electrocoagulation is an electrically-driven water treatment process in which metal ions are released from sacrificial electrodes (typically iron or aluminum) into the wastewater stream. These metal ions react with dissolved and suspended contaminants — forming coagulated floc that can be settled or filtered from the treated water. EC achieves effective removal of metals, suspended solids, oil and grease, colour, and certain organic compounds without the need for chemical coagulant dosing.

Electrocoagulation treatment tank with electrode array for industrial wastewater

GWTS has delivered EC technology as part of multi-technology treatment systems, including the Fox Creek Water Management Facility where EC was deployed alongside filtration and chemical oxidation for complex industrial wastewater treatment. EC is particularly effective for produced water, oil sands process-affected water, and industrial effluent streams with challenging contaminant profiles.

Key Benefits

  • Effective metals removal without chemical addition — reduced chemical handling and sludge
  • Simultaneous TSS, oil & grease, colour, and turbidity removal
  • Compact, modular footprint — well-suited to remote and temporary operations
  • Adjustable treatment intensity via electrode current control
  • Lower sludge volumes vs. conventional chemical coagulation
  • Compatible with upstream filtration and downstream membrane polishing

Applications

Produced Water Treatment
Oil Sands Process-Affected Water
Metals-Contaminated Wastewater
Industrial Effluent Polishing
Colour & Turbidity Removal
Pre-Treatment for Membrane Systems

Process Characteristics

MechanismSacrificial electrode release
Electrode MaterialsIron or aluminum
Power SourceDC electrical current
Treatment ControlCurrent density (A/m²)

Performance

TSS Removal80–99%
Metals Removal70–99% (species-dependent)
Oil & Grease60–90%
Colour Removal70–95%

Operating Conditions

pH Range5–9 (optimal 6–8)
Temperature4–45°C
Conductivity>200 µS/cm preferred
Sludge OutputLow — dense settleable floc

Integration

UpstreamScreening / coarse filtration
DownstreamSand filter / MF / oxidation
Sludge HandlingDAF, settling, centrifuge
GWTS ReferenceFox Creek Facility (2019–20)

Evaluating Electrocoagulation for Your Application?

Contact GWTS to discuss feedwater characterization, system design, and integration with your existing treatment train.

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